This topic has been developed to provide a comprehensive learning tool to parenteral nutrition (PN). In particular, the modules discuss indications and contraindications to PN, and the benefits vs limitations of different intravenous accesses. At the end of the topic, students will recognize the advantages and limitations of different PN delivery systems, and how to reduce the risk associated with PN compounding (GMP protocol). Pharmacist’s role and responsibility when preparing PN mixtures will be presented. In particular, the complex issue of drug-nutrient interactions will be discussed. Also, the parameters informing the development and implementation of a cost-efficient monitoring protocol for patients receiving PN will be discussed, in order to optimize PN and prevent/early detect complications.
